HS 2024 FINAL EXAMINATIONS

Common Long Questions & Answer

Flamigo

 5 Mark's Question & Answer

1. What was the order from Berlin? How did that order affect the people of Alsace, particularly M. Hamel and his students? (HS- 2012)

                                                                          or

How did the people of Alsace pay their regards to M. Hamel on his last day at school.

                                                                          or

'The last lesson' involves deep pain of the citizens as the French districts of Alsace and Lorraine pass into Prussian hands." How is the pain and anguish of the characters in lesson revealed?

Ans-The order had come from Berlin to teach only German in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine from the next day.                                                                                                                                                                The order affected warmly on the people, M. Hamel and his students. The village people like the old Hauser with his three-cornered hat, the former mayor, the former postmaster and several others attended the last French lesson. They paid deep pain and anguish their regards to M. Hamel that they would never see him again. That day, M. Hamel was very sorrow to leave his school, students and the environment after the forty years had worked. He wore his beautiful green coat, his frilled shirt and the little black silk cap which were worn only on inspection and prize days all embroidered. He taught very beautifully and clearly all the lessons like reciting, grammars, writings, history and so on that day. He wanted to give his students all the knowledge that he had known.

                    The order also changed the minds of students. Surprisingly, the entire students like little Franz heard very carefully and tried to learn all the lessons in their last French lesson.

2. What did Franz notice that was unusual about the school that day? or

Describe the unusual things that Franz noticed on the day of the last lesson. (HS-2013,2017)

Ans-Little Franz, a young school boy, is the narrator of the story "The last lesson". He noticed a lots of unusual things on the day of the last Lesson.

                 When he reached the school garden, he saw that his classmates were already sitting quietly at their places. The entire atmosphere of the school was grave and Solemn. There were not the usual commotions of opening and closing of desks, lessons repeated in chorus etc in the school.

Another unusual thing was that M. Hamel was wearing his beautiful Sunday dress which he wore only on the inspection and prize distribution days. He did not rebuke Franz for being late to school. Moreover, he appeared to be very kind and polite. The most unusual things was that some elderly village people like old Hauser, the former mayor etc were sitting on the backbenches of the classroom.

3.Draw a character sketch of M. Hamel as it is shown in 'The Last Lesson'. (HS-2016)

Ans M. Hamel was a French teacher. He had been serving in the school of Alsace for last forty years. He had great regard for his language. He became melancholic when the order had come from Berlin that in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine only German language will be taught because he felt that his students would be deprived of the right to learn their own mother tongue. On the last day of this school he wore his best dress which he wore only on inspection and prize days. Though he was strict and disciplinarian, still on the day of his last class he did not scold Franz for coming late and for failure to recite the rules of participles.

M. Hamel did not blame him rather he blamed himself and people of Alsace which showed his analytical outlook. M. Hamel was emotional too, his emotions were seen when he could not utter a single word as his voice choked. M. Hamel was a person who loved his motherland and his language. As per him French was the most logical and the most beautiful language in the world. He was a strong person. Though his heart was broken still he had the courage to hear every lesson to the very last. He was a man of discipline with love for his land and language.

4. Describe M. Hamel's last day at school.

Ans- M. Hamel was the French teacher of the school in the story "The Last Lesson". It is set in 1870 during the days of the Franco-Prussian War. The order had come from Berlin that only German was to be taught in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine. It was M. Hamel's last day as the French teacher at the school as a new German teacher would be teaching the students from the next day.

On his last day, M. Hamel was dressed in his best suit. He was not scolding the boys for coming late to class or not preparing their lessons. He regretted having wasted the time of his classes by sending the narrator, Franz to water his flowers and dismissing the class to go fishing before. He said that the French language was the most beautiful, clearest and most logical language in the world, and if people were enslaved, holding fast to their language was like having the key to their prison. He asked the students to write as he sat gazing outside at his garden and his class, having lived there for forty years. When the clock struck twelve and the trumpets of the Prussians sounded, he stood up looking pale, choked on his words and then with all his might wrote on the board "Viva La France!" and dismissed the class with a gesture of his hand.

5.Describe the miserable plight of the people of Firozabad. (Hs- 2012,2014,2015,2017)

Ans-Every other family in Firozabad is engaged in making bangles. More than 20000 children also engage on it. None of them know that it is illegal. The children work in the glass furnaces with high temperatures, in dingy cells without air and light. They slog their daylight hours an often losing the brightness of their eyes.

                  They live in stinking lanes choked with garbage where they remain hovels with crumbling walls, wobbly doors and no windows. They live in crowded with families of humans and animals coexisting in a primeval state. They are born in the cast of bangle makers. They have seen nothing except bangles, in the house, in the yard, in every other house, every other yard, every street in Firozabad. Their eyes are more adjusted to the dark than to the light outside. That is why; they often end up losing their eyesight before they become adults. They have not enjoyed even one full meal in their entire lifetime. They do not know anything except bangles. They cannot dare to change it for the police and the middlemen.

6.Describe the bangle makers of Firozabad. How does the vicious circle of the sahukars' and the middlemen never allow them to come out of poverty. (HS-2018)

Ans- Every other family in Firozabad is engaged in making bangles. More than 20000 children or little boys and girls also engage on it. They work in the glass furnaces with high temperatures, in dingy cells without air and light. They slog their daylight hours an often losing the brightness of their eyes. They live in stinking lanes choked with garbage where they remain hovels with crumbling walls, wobbly doors and no windows. They live in crowded with families of humans and animals coexisting like a primeval state.

The vicious circle of the sahukars' and the middlemen never allow them to come out of poverty. They trap their fathers and forefathers. If the young men try to get organized then they are hauled up or arrested by the police, beaten and dragged to jail for doing something illegal. There is no leader among them and no one can help them. So, they live endlessly with poverty and oppressed by the greedy people at injustice. For these reasons, little has moved with time in Firozabad.

Thus, the people of Firozabad lost their initiative and ability to dream.

7.Who was Saheb and what was ironical about his name? Describe Saheb's life and the life of the barefoot army pickers in Seemapuri. 

Ans- Saheb was a young ragpicker of Seemapuri. Saheb's full name was "Saheb-e-Alam. The irony inherent was that he did not know what it means. If he knew its meaning as lord of the universe then he would have a hard time believing it for his living status.

Saheb and the barefoot army pickers were roaming the street. They appeared like the morning birds and disappeared at noon. They were usually busy at scrounging for gold in the garbage dumps. Sometimes, they could find a rupee even a ten-rupee note or a silver coin. They had neither education nor a school for their studies. Also, they could not wear chappals for their perpetual state of poverty.

8. The battle of Champaran is won', he exclaimed. Explain the context in which this was said. (HS-2015,2016)

or

why and when did Gandhi declare: "The battle of Champaran is won."

Ans-The lawyers played a very vital role in the Champaran movement. The news of Gandhi's advent spread among the lawyers of Muzaffarpur. They called on Gandhi to brief him. Gandhi chided the lawyers for collecting big fees from the poor sharecroppers. Law courts were useless for them.

The lawyers from Bihar were again in the news. Gandhi was going to be tried in court. Rajendra Prasad and several other prominent lawyers had arrived from Bihar to support him. Gandhiji asked the lawyers what they would do if he was arrested. The lawyers first replied that they would return home, but when Gandhiji asked them for a solution about the injustice to the sharecroppers, they realised their mistake. They thought that when a total stranger was ready to go to jail for the poor peasants, their going home would be utterly shameful. They decided to follow Gandhiji into jail. This made Gandhiji exclaim, "The battle of Champaran is won', as he was happy to have convinced the lawyers and won their trust.

9.Describe the exploitation of the indigo sharecroppers by the English landlords. Did Gandhi help them to get an honourable statement? (HS-2013,2017,2019)

or

What was the long-term contract between the English landlords and the sharecroppers of Champaran? Why did the sharecroppers protest against this agreement and how?

or

What was the sharecropping arrangement drawn up between the landlords and the peasants after developing of synthetic indigo?

Ans- Most of the arable land in the Champaran district was divided into large estates owned by Englishmen and worked by Indian tenants. The chief commercial crop was indigo. The landlords compelled all tenants to plant three twentieths or 15 per cent of their holdings with indigo and surrender the entire indigo harvest as rent. This was done by long-term contract. When Germany had developed synthetic indigo thereupon the landlords obtained agreements from the sharecroppers to pay them compensation for being released from the 15 per cent arrangement. Gandhi reached at that moment in Champaran. He visited the secretary of the British landlord's association and also met British official commissioner of the Tirhut division on regarding the problems of sharecroppers. He had to appear in the court for the sharecroppers for helping them and disobey the order of leaving Champaran. By the supports of lawyers and spontaneous demonstration of thousands of peasants, Gandhi was released and interviewed with Sir Edward Gait, the Lieutenant- Governor for the case. After the settlement, an official commission appointed and made inquiry on it. By the various evident, it was proved that the landlord took the money illegally and deceitfully. So, the landlord had to refund 25 percent to the sharecroppers. Thus, Gandhi helped the sharecroppers to get a honourable settlement.

10.Sophie and Jansie were class-mates and friends. What were the differences between them that show up in the story?

or

Compare and contrast Sophie and Jansie highlighting their temperament and aspirations.

or

Compare and contrast Sophie and Jansie.

Ans-Though Sophie and Jansie were classmates and friends, they were poles apart in nature and temperament.

Sophie was a day-dreamer and loved to live in a world of fantasy. She dreamt to open a boutique. She aspired to be a manager of a boutique, an actress or even a fashion-designer. Her dreams were far away from her reality of life. On the contrary, Jansie was practical and she kept her feet firmly planted on land. She was well aware that both Sophie and herself were destined to work in the biscuit factory.

Secondly, unlike Jansie, Sophie had a great fascination for things unknown. But Jansie felt contented with whatever she had. Thirdly, Sophie was self-respecting & self-confident as against 'gawky' and 'stupid' Jansie. Sophie is in a sense somewhat introverted as she wanted to keep the story of her meeting with Danny Casey 'secret'. But Jansie was extrovert as she was in the habit of spreading any news or story across the entire locality.

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